Energy generation from wind power is based on the kinetic energy provided by air currents. A wind turbine consists of a mast, which can be up to 100 metres in height and is generally made of steel or concrete, on which a so-called nacelle is fixed. This provides the supporting structure and cladding for housing and fixing the drive system and generator. In addition to rotor blades and the rotor shaft, control vanes are also mounted to set the angle is accordance with the respective wind direction. The kinetic energy provided by the wind current acts against the rotor blades and thus produces the rotational movement of the rotor. This so-called rotation energy feeds the generator, which converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
In addition to emission-free operation, wind energy has the advantage that it requires little space and is essentially independent of raw materials. In contrast to offshore wind turbines at sea, the construction costs for onshore wind turbines are also relatively moderate. However, in addition to the noise impact on the immediate surroundings, another disadvantage is the relatively large impact made on the landscape in the case of large-scale projects. Another disadvantage of wind energy is the fluctuating availability. The wind does not always blow the most when the electricity requirements are greatest. If the proportion of electricity generated from wind turbines is high, reserve power plants must also be available for periods with low wind.
